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accade a Barcellona − 51-75

In Barcelona ...


51. ... Night buses seem to be better than the day on board as broadcast music. It's actually just the effect the Alcohol.

52. ... Nitbus the reaching out of town and also serve the surrounding areas. This means that over the Nitbus we can not sleep, so as not to intrude.

53. ... The metro closes at midnight on weekdays, to avoid that toxic and drunks, as well as every day to dig the grave, there also come in too easily.

54. ... On Saturday, however, the metro is open all day. And there's the music on the wagons, the real one.

55. ... To close your bag in the safe before entering a bank or a supermarket we need a euro. Do not worry, the euro it to you when you go on giving new resume. As long as the are.

56. ... When you're shopping give you a penny in change.

57. ... Shopping bags that you give the supermarket are so thin that if you try to blow you into piercing.

58. ... Before putting on all spending in the bags they give you is a good idea to round up all the edges of the products purchased.

59. ... Despite the operation of paragraph 58, will win out always that small ledge that will pierce the bag and fall to the ground all the shopping. But this will not happen right away, to half way home.

60. ... One of the favorite hobbies People are watching the foreigners gather after the stuff that broke the shopping bag.

61. ... Shopping bags are so thin products voluntarily, just to allow people to bet on what will be the first to break.

62. ... If for some strange reason, it is reaching the bag house and none of it breaking, is called into question a highly sophisticated device which come with the bags, which causes the instantaneous rupture of the bag.

63. ... There is the Sagrada Familia, from any side you look at it.

64. ... Are trying to complete the Sagrada Familia, improvising.

65. ... The project of the Sagrada Familia does not exist, nor has it ever existed.

66. ... Believing that by now the Gaudí project was clear, the people of Barcelona thought it best to get him out investing it with a tram, then you have made plenty of the serious mistake.

67. Sagrada Familia ... without the cards would have only the box for the stamp.

68. ... There are too many cards with the Sagrada Familia.

69. ... Children on the beach of Barceloneta with water and sand are sagradas familias everywhere.

70. ... There is too much sun to fully enjoy the Sagrada Familia.

71. ... The Sagrada Familia has the facade of the Nativity, the Passion facade, and will have the facade of Glory. Soon it will also release what will be the fourth side, will not want to leave unfinished this aspect also?

72. ... There are rumors that the Sagrada Familia is an illegal construction, but the municipality does not intervene because he wants to see if they can just end it.

73. ... We are the most luxurious hotels in the entire Iberian Peninsula, and parts of the city the limit of abandonment.

74. ... Boutiques of Passeig de Gracia of Barcelona do not sell to, what they make with the people of Barcelona can never go shopping in the boutiques of Passeig de Gracia.

75. ... On the Passeig de Gracia are Casa Mila and Casa Batllo, even if it takes courage to call them homes.

Diabetic Breakthrough 2010

L 'Ecopragmatismo Stewart Brand

now happens frequently to attend the pro-nuclear statements by authoritative figures from the world of scientific culture and in some cases, even in obvious changes of course by someone who, until recently, he declared a bitter enemy.

has caused an uproar in Italy the choice in favor of this technology by Professor Umberto Veronesi, and just yesterday the statements of James Hansen, an astrophysicist and professor of Earth sciences at Columbia University, which confirmed to support nuclear power because, to date, we have the best of alternative technologies to mitigate the ongoing climate change caused, also, the use of fossil fuels.

The opportunity to address this issue I got from reading a text recently published in Italy entitled "A care for the Earth - a Manifesto ecopragmatista" (Code Publishing, pp.350, €. 23,00) of Stewart Brand, a founder of the American environmental movement and that, as a convinced opponent of nuclear power, in his book tries to explain why he changed his mind about .

In USA the book has aroused great controversy because the author is not limited to supporting nuclear power but also speaks in favor of genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

E 'recognized the position of the Friends of the Earth against these two technologies so why deal with such a reading?

I am deeply convinced that it is important to try to listen to those who have ideas different from ours: this may have a double benefit: improved or strengthened our beliefs contrary to repent until we have time to do so.

E 'in this spirit that I faced a difficult read in part, sometimes too technical for my knowledge, but sometimes very stimulating and constructive.

Brand is not a charlatan and, mindful of criticism that will raining over as a result of its arguments, trying to prevent them taking apart piece by piece and with absolute scientific rigor all possible arguments on the issues he faces.

He starts from a premise shared and now indisputable: climate change on Earth is in place and man must find solutions to the problem, not solve it, do not now, but at least to reduce it.

Brand also makes another statement that I agree: there is a problem for humans, the Earth in any case he would manage. The question therefore is not saving the planet, but to preserve existing species.

geological studies show that 55 million years ago the present Arctic Ocean had an average temperature of 23 ° C and that the entire planet was probably characterized by a tropical climate. The risk for us is to return to that state of things.

suggeriteci strategies to address climate change are three.

Mitigation: by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Adaptation: through the displacement of coastal populations to the north, the development of drought resistant crops and prepare to welcome the masses of environmental refugees.

Improvement: through geoengineering interventions on a large scale (in the latter part of his book Brand makes a long list).

The problem is us, we said: man currently consumes about 16 terawatt of electricity , much of which comes from the use of fossil fuels is like leaving lit 160 000 000 000 100-watt bulbs without switching it off ever!

To maintain the level of CO2 concentration below the limit of no return we should be able to produce electricity from fossil fuels in just 3 terawatt, which means that we should produce all the electricity we need the rest through non-fossil sources and above all that we get at most within the next 25 years.

Brand cites some examples in this regard.

For 2 terawatt of solar should install 100 square feet the second solar cell for the next 25 years, 2 terawatt of solar thermal power 50 square meters per second, 2 terawatt biofuels 4 Olympic swimming pools of genetically engineered algae per second for 2 terawatt of wind energy a wind turbine of 90 meters diameter every 5 minutes, 2 to 3 terawatt of geothermal steam turbines of 100 megawatts per day and 3 terawatt of nuclear power plant reactors with 3 from 3 gigawatts per week, everything always multiplied by 25 years!

"A cure for the Earth" aims to offer a series of tools that environmentalists have always been wary but now, according to the author, are essential if we want to do something to protect the future of our species.

In the chapter devoted to the theme of 'urbanization , Brand argues that cities are a source of wealth, they absorb the population and help to increase the carrying capacity of the Earth. Cities are expensive, both environmentally and economically, but revenues are by far outweigh the costs. In urban areas, promoting new forms of income production is much easier, and provide services is much cheaper: just think of education, health, conditions of hygiene, water, electrical power per capita basis and everything is much easier statement. Brand, in support of its argument cites the " Kleiber's Law": the larger bodies, the higher their metabolic efficiency.

For cities is the same: bring people together makes everything more efficient, it requires a slightly lower amount of everything for everyone. The city may even be a price control for population control. In fact, statistics show that the low birth rate is more sensitive in cities than in sparsely populated areas of the planet. In urban areas, in fact, the economic contribution of children is virtually absent and, as women always capture greater economic opportunities, the social cost of reproduction increases.

E 'starting from this basis that Stewart Brand is seeking to develop its new concept of "urban ecology " as one of potential solutions to the problems of pollution.

When it comes to climate change, the more informed people are more frightened, and in case of nuclear power the best informed are the least frightened.

E 'Brand with this incipit that tackles the most controversial chapter of his book, or one dedicated to nuclear . He admits I did a few years ago part of the large group of environmentalists against nuclear power and have changed my mind about it after visiting the waste repository at Yucca Mountain (the U.S. government recently established its permanent closure). According to the American scientist's main argument used against the nuclear waste management or what, it makes little sense since the main error incurred by the environmentalists is to always think in terms of the contemporary problem. At present, the waste can, he admits, be a problem, but how can we think that technology is the same man in 200 years when, and only then, can potentially waste become dangerous? It also makes mention of a new approach to developing in the near future that provides for the use of drilling at great depths (4-5 km) in the bedrock where the water is very saline and cram the bars where fuel forgetting the problem. He further claims that the new reactors are built with technologies to ensure the safety of installations in the past was not there. On the problem of the excessive costs of construction, he argues that in fact the real problem is the costs are too low on coal and also advocates the establishment of a "carbon tax " or a fee emissions of greenhouse gases whose revenues are but now used for the benefit of citizens and incentive of all "clean" technologies. Also, if it is true that a nuclear power plant has enormous costs in its start-up is equally true that its operating costs were also much lower compared to those of coal or gas. The so-called Generation IV reactors are fueled with thorium, three times more abundant than uranium, which can not be melted, can not be used for the manufacture of weapons and generates little waste, construction and lower operating costs, increased efficiency, and Finally, high temperatures can generate hydrogen and desalinate the water.

Basically, Brand, as do J. Hansen says that in the absence of anything better, nuclear power in this historical moment can be a viable alternative, one possible solution, certainly not the only one to try to mitigate the problems related to emissions of greenhouse gases, starting also from the fact that current alternative energy such as wind and solar today are not able to guarantee the continuity of production necessary for example to cities that need a power supply providing constant energy.

The objections that I can do about Brand three aspects. The first ties in the Italian context. Our country has uranium deposits, and therefore the construction of nuclear power plants may reduce our impact on the environment, certainly not one of economic dependence on other countries, from which we will inevitably need to buy fuel for the operation of new power plants. The second point concerns the vexed issue of waste management: think it a bit 'too simplistic the idea that in 200 years, what today is a problem, the man likely to have addressed and resolved. Also, unfortunately, inevitably nuclear technology will be a selective technology, linked to specific skills in fact continue to divide the world between countries can handle it, and make big profits and other economic condemned to suffer it, paying the political, social and economic issues.

The writer then addresses the delicate question GMOs.

Again, he cites a long list of cases and situations for the benefit of its arguments. Invite interested parties to read the book to be able to calmly assess specifically the brand positioning. I limit myself, for obvious reasons of space to mention only a few of many examples that he does.

" E 'being - says S. Brand - the biggest since 1996 dietary experiment in history. A huge group of people - the entire population of North America - had the courage to start eating large amounts of genetically engineered foods. (....) Meanwhile, the control group (the European population) has made considerable financial sacrifice to do without these crops and has also taken the trouble to ban all imports of these foods. (....) Now the results are ready and uncontroversial. The experimental group and control group did not differ. "

the same brand as it tries to explain in everyday life we \u200b\u200bare constantly invaded by continuous examples of genetic modification without this puts us on alert: Do not feel any revulsion at the thought of a mule, a cross between a horse and unnatural a donkey, not to mention that the greatest human genetic engineering firm, the conversion of very useful herb in the world's most popular food plants, maize, was carried out by pre-Columbian Indians.

Every process in the biosphere is influenced by the ability of microbes to transform the world around them. They are the microbes that convert the key elements of life - carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur - essentially accessible to all other life forms. " Every few minutes - still supports Brand - all microbes in the body (and in the oceans, soil and air) defied the care and God doing an unlawful act in Europe: exchange of genes in the ceaseless search benefits competitive or cooperative. "

Genetic engineers have not invented anything - according to the theory of Stewart Brand, but borrowed recombination. Imagine being in a bar and a touch of green-haired boy, and so become part of his genetic code. Emerge from the bar with green hair and we can pass the gene of green hair even to our children. The bacteria responsible for continue this type of rapid acquisition of genes. Sometimes the examples of nature can be very constructive for us. Recently, scientists have been trying to imitate the miraculous bioreactor present in the gut of termites, where the complex bacterial colony that resides there is able to transform a sheet of paper in common than 1.5 liters of hydrogen.

In fact, if we think of the potential applications that may have to repeat this process on a large scale, I must admit that in this case he would be right.

For Brand, however, declare themselves in favor of genetic engineering does not mean being opposed to ' farming which are still recognized the great merits. In fact he comes to suggest that perhaps the solution will be to manage to combine in the near future the two technologies: genetic engineering can be used to produce seeds with improved resistance to pests and pathogens, while the ' Organic farming can manage the complex of pests more effectively while reducing the impact of synthetic fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides on soil, water and wildlife.

The text does not fail to refer polemic against the world environmentalist accused the author of be too tied to their ideologies and not being willing to change even before the evidence of the facts. Again, I admit, not all of the allegations were outlandish.

At the same time, however, he believes, however, still valued the role that environmentalists will take in the near future as long as you leave the overly romantic streak that has always been part of the movement which tends to be generally pessimistic.

Environmentalists romantic, according to Brand, have a tendency to feel a certain discomfort with those who try to solve the problem, since the essence of tragedy is the fact he is unable to solve. E romantic love problems ...

And on the other hand, environmentalists also have a romantic role: to attract people around him, to involve them emotionally and then to inspire.

According Brand new pragmatic environmentalism should try to involve more and more of the other two categories: scientists who discover the problems and engineers who generally try to solve the problems.

In essence, the ecopragmatismo suggested by Brand invites us all to expand the coverage with which to evaluate our activities in favor of saving the planet. What do, the activities in which we are working will go well beyond the duration of our lives and may affect the future of hundreds of generations. E 'with this perspective that we evaluate it.

We must have the courage to rethink and to always put into question our ideas to this end, the message that I would share with the author of the book.

Maybe some of us have cried wolf too often, the wolf, with the result of seeing discredited his credibility as a prophet of doom, perhaps a little more optimistic as we may be of help to all in long road ahead of us, however, remains in me the belief that a healthy precautionary principle should always be applied by anyone, even the eco-pragmatists.

Philip Tetlock, a psychologist and political scientist, wrote: "How do you think , has more than what you think .

Michele Salvadori

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The Second National Conference on Energy Efficiency

;

For several years the Friends of the Earth , of \u200b\u200bwhich I am honored to be part of, are carrying out a series of meetings, conferences, symposia theme, which over time take on a significance, a level of quality and feedback - fortunately - increasing.

That is certainly not due to chance but to a sustained commitment to professionalism, accuracy and objectivity in research analysis, appropriate and so actual choices on the issues to be addressed.

The last of the many initiatives was held Tuesday, October 19 in Rome in the Hall Conferences Montecitorio square where exactly was organized the Second National Conference on Energy Efficiency on " Integrating energy efficiency with renewable .

occasion was presented by the Friends of the Earth a voluminous report entitled "Prospects for energy efficiency policies. Opportunities for Italy "by Andrea Molocchi in collaboration with Monica Tommasi. For the sake of completeness

who want can see it entirely by clicking here .

The text is inspired by a fact: there is an ongoing climate change requires a global response. The greenhouse gas emissions should be reduced at the latest by 2020 and at least 50% of 1990 levels by 2050.

What to do? According

John Milani, CEO of Enipower SpA, the estimates show that, even in 2030, fossil fuels will continue to cover 80% of energy needs of the planet.

There are now actually cheaper alternatives and easier to use. This means that while the man should strive to expand research on new energy sources, the other will be essential to the immediate focus on the road that still has great energy potential and is itself perhaps the most concrete response to the reduction of emissions.

A first fact of interest that emerges from the Report of the Friends of the Earth shows that although Italy is still today one of the first European countries in terms of energy efficiency even before Spain, Germany and France, that placement must be interpreted more as done by our country in the past (at the time of the first major energy crisis in the '70s) that as it has achieved in recent years.

This means that we can not continue to look in the mirror, but rather we must act.

Also according to the FoE report estimates total energy consumption in our country amounts to € 161 billion, of which 119 are due to productive activities (agriculture, industry and services) due to consumption of 33 billion families and 8 billion due to exports.

In 2009 the law "development" had predicted that the Ministry of Economic Development were put in place a special plan for energy efficiency and energy savings by the end of that year. To date we are still waiting.

In terms of production and technology, however, Italy is already able to make significant changes:

- In construction sector, which probably made the greatest waste of energy, and perhaps the field where the potential for savings was higher and in many technologies: high efficiency from plant, the choice of materials to reduce energy losses, thermal insulation of buildings, lighting systems, not to mention the household appliances which have focused greater efforts to provide information to consumers and economic incentives.

- In tertiary (including trade and services sectors, including public administration) where the greatest potential for improvement with regard to air conditioning heat pumps, home appliances and lighting.

- Nell ' where industry will be enhanced by the substitution of the stock motors with pumps, fans and machine tools with high efficiency, more action will be equally important to reduce network losses through improvements to the process of distribution, rapprochement and rebuilding of the lines of the plants to the centers of users.

- In passenger transport sector, through the changes in demand for mobility to the rail, but also to the public road (bus cleaner and more efficient), and the area where the private mobility Regulation (EC) 443/2009 for reducing emissions of CO 2 car (target 130 gCO 2 / km in 2015) is causing a sharp acceleration of industrialization programs. In that regard, particular mention deserves our FIAT which happens to be first on the list for average emissions of CO 2 (g / km) for cars produced with an average of 127, 8.

- In freight sector that requires, according to Friends of the Earth, interventions similar to what has been achieved in the auto industry that act as incentives to virtuous processes.

The report also devotes a specific box to shipping which is the only major area still outside the control of emissions and instead create significant potential for improvement.

Thanks to the mechanism of incentives and tax breaks to the housing sector is undoubtedly the one where you have obtained the greatest achievements in recent years and it is no coincidence that the Friends of the Earth at this conference have remarked on the fact that the two main tools to encourage energy efficiency Today in our country ( tax deduction of 55% for the rehabilitation of buildings, white certificates mechanism ) focus on the domestic sector, while in industry lack sufficient incentives to achieve high energy savings. According to the latest report on white certificates, issued by the Authority for electricity and gas, just about 15% of the savings certificates from 2005 to 31/5/2010 regards industry, against the ' 80% the civilian sector.

An important chapter of the Report is devoted to the proposal of Confindustria for special plan for energy efficiency and for which the return, for reasons of space, to read the Report itself, but in a nutshell, through its reformulation by the Friends of the Earth with the inclusion of economic benefits for the health system and public charges relating to the shares of CO2 has the following results:

- to balance the state budget: - 7.8 billion

- Benefits to users (cost savings in energy costs): +25, 6 billion

- Environmental benefits for the community (net of the State): +10.8 billion

- Benefits for the national economy (value added of interventions): + 116 100 000 000

with a net benefit of the system village of about 145 billion euro.

They then analyzed the potential of the system of so-called high-efficiency transport and measures to improve energy efficiency, focusing on, in terms of efficiency incentive instruments, the need to make some improvements, including, for example, to correct the measure for the sole benefit of the facilities 'users' preventing the property that the owner of a building could cover, with the consent or at the initiative of the tenants, an energy-saving intervention.

The chapter on the so-called system of "white certificates " highlights that since the mechanism (June 1, 2005) to May 31, 2010 was approved to issue certificates of to 6.645 Mtoe highlighting it as a likely point system for achieving the savings targets set for 2020.

the report's findings show that the measures Energy efficiency is very convenient for the community as, against the initial investment, the long-term savings of households free resources for more sustainable consumption, reduce business costs, freeing resources for salaries, investment and innovation, giving development the so-called "green economy .

also energy efficiency, if implemented, represents an important aid to the community because it reduces the costs and health climate for the production of energy, in general, and mainly associated with fossil fuels.

Despite this - argue, however, Friends of the Earth - the current system of incentives should be reviewed and corrected, the current incentives for renewable power, too elevated, open spaces of speculation and by and large foreign fund the dissemination of technologies such as solar panels in China, the most efficient technologies are already being offered by the domestic industry, which could then benefit from a revival of support measures, strengthening its competitive position in Italy and abroad.

To maximize the achievement of European objectives to 2020, a director must be able to rationalize the incentives for renewable electricity and increase the energy efficiency measures, including those for renewable heat, much less expensive and full of opportunities in every aspect, including environmental.

Of course one can not consider the main obstacle to all this: the cost of incentives for energy efficiency quantified by Friends of the Earth in about € 24 billion for the period 2010-2020 recoverable in at least two thirds through the highest net revenue, but that presents an account of just under one billion euro a year.

technologies used to improve energy efficiency concerns nearly all sectors of our economy. During the conference were outlined some of the main case studies currently being developed in Italy: from

heat pumps for air conditioning that use renewable energy at low temperatures to the CHP ; the cycle plants Organic Rankine for generating electricity from waste heat, the integration of solar thermal and high efficiency boilers, the heating ; thermal insulation of buildings, goods and passenger vehicles with high efficiency; services for the diagnosis and management of energy savings are just a few proposals of the Italian energy technologies and products, proposals are emerging, including internationally-in a country with no fossil fuels and land scarce and environmentally sensitive and scenic. A country that looks even more competitive by reducing external environmental costs, which wants to save on energy costs, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and sees new opportunities for stable and qualified.

Now to politics - Reaffirms Value of Friends of the Earth - decide whether these industrial opportunities must remain residual or whether, instead, may form a system winning to become a leader in energy efficiency, an industry-cross the entire economy-in which all the world should invest maximum resources in the years to come.

Finally, I would close with a few brief remarks of a personal nature. During the operations of the conference, besides confirming the need to make corrections to the improvement mechanism of incentives, there have also raised the question of a lack of predisposition on the part of Italian culture to welcome these new proposals and the importance of contributing diffusion and knowledge of these new techniques and practices to compete at last to a change mentality considered by all essential for achieving the objectives.

Some have resorted to very basic examples.

CEO Enipower cited the campaign takes off his tie Eni "to reduce the consumption of air conditioning systems, called for the use of energy-saving bulbs , and finally suggested that lower 1 ° C temperature thermostats for heating our homes; Alessandro Ortis, President of the Authority for electricity and gas, called for greater involvement of schools in these practices and reading for educational and awareness by students of their school bills; Giovanni Lelli, ENEA Commissioner, has suggested that instead of teaching the practice of recycling school students.

As Friends of the Earth are we doing this for many years now. We started in 1998 to bring a project in schools "The Bet - Bet" which was based just on implementation of all these tips for students primarily but not limited to these.

I find solace in the fact that these themes speak now also the heads of major Italian companies.

As they say: better late than never.

I find equally important that some of the protagonists of an initiative thick as this conference, which involved the world of politics and industry have been trying to highlight the importance of establishing a stable contact between the world of technical and what our President, Rosa Filippini, called " the world that was once called the home of Voghera.

I believe that this task of combining two companies still so far apart, the technology world in which Italy have shown great potential for excellence but in fact is still connected to a small circle of followers and that of ordinary people - the vast majority of us - yet so far away from these issues, can and should continue to be one of the fundamental tasks of environmentalism in the years to come.

Michele Salvadori

My Skin Color Changes In Some Parts

Good "eco-bales"

In a complex society, the problems can not, of course, have complex and that solutions.

on waste data from our officially recognized certification bodies provide that in Tuscany alone in 2009, every citizen has produced 663 kg of waste (one of the highest average among the Italian regions): however, this figure refers only to so-called waste "urban" (for example, are excluded special and hazardous ) or just one quarter of the total waste generated. Currently only 55 of 287 municipalities in the region have reached or exceeded the 45% share of of collection (target 2008) and of these only 9 have already reached the new target of 55% expected by the end 2010. The

landfill Case Passerini is now virtually closed for a year in Florence and municipal waste are transported in the Province of Pisa, Peccioli, and partly in the Province of Arezzo, Terranova Bracciolini.

In this context it is clear that every single project, every little idea, every staff, individual practice time to contribute to the mitigation of the problem "of waste management and production" represents an important step.

E 'starting from this assumption that I decided to talk about the experience of a member of the Friends of the Earth in Florence, Aldo De Luca, who is about two and a half years running a small garden by applying solutions in my opinion deserving of more attention because of all sustainable.

Aldo is recovering and reusing the old bales of jute used by roasters to transport coffee and destination, as we shall see, in most uses.

First, he has created within its own garden space used for the production of compost .

Here the old ballads, combined with the reuse of baskets normally used for the olive harvest constitute an original system to produce humus, which is then recovered fully in place for the production of vegetables .

Composting in its early stages ...

... and the final result.

the baskets for harvesting olives, put on old wooden boards and covered with canvas bags of coffee are used for the collection of all kitchen organic waste, thus fully recovered and subtracted by the collection bins. As you fill a basket, start collecting in the plan later. But this system Aldo has applied the so-called " worm farming." The organic waste deposited in the starting phase of their natural decomposition in the first 6-8 weeks, starting from their third month of decomposition, they are "attacked" by earthworms of the species "Red California " that in addition to complete the stage of deterioration of organic compounds contribute to forming a soil particularly rich in nutrients for plants.

whole process occurs naturally and without external intervention by humans. Once released, about two years ago, the first worms in one of the baskets for the staff, they began to reproduce themselves as alone and spontaneously these worms - able to eat every day twice their body weight and live even up to 16 years - migrate from one box to another.

But the re-use of bales of jute is not limited to this. As illustrated by the images shown here, they are also used as mulches . Aldo started to use them to cover the trenches in his garden facilitating crossings. When he saw that the canvas bags of preventing weed growth and weed decided to apply the bales as mulch obtaining additional benefits.

The cultivation of vegetables has benefited: by using the canvas is no longer necessary to use chemical herbicides, the bales also provide an excellent drainage system for rain water which is better absorbed. In doing so, they halved the water requirements for plants. Use of the Hessian is perfectly sustainable as being a natural product does not pollute and allow more perspiration rather than the normal polyethylene sheet mulching prevents. In addition, the bales preserve the land while avoiding the excessive hardening with the result that the change of season is no longer necessary but will plow hoes just a bit 'in the land surface before proceeding to new plantings.

Over the bales does not grow virtually anything and the little that you check it out easily with the gesture of a hand. What grows under the canvas dry quickly due to lack of light and is absorbed directly from the soil.

sum with the use of these true "eco balls", so nicknamed by Aldo - on the theme that has created a website at this address really interesting - you recover organic material is reused something otherwise destined for landfill, reduces the work of man, it avoids the use of herbicides, you'll save on water and composting is achieved thanks to an excellent fertilizer produced locally and ready for 'use.

addition to the garden Aldo is a kind of lounge where you can safely walk without having to use rubber boots.

bales, being totally made of natural fibers, have a series of limited duration - about a year - after which it must be replaced with new ones.
The filaments that make up the bales still new, once separated, may be used and then reused as a single ties to support the plants. Think about that for a single bale cords 600 can be obtained from 70 cm and 300 one-meter!

Aldo about us, however, an important recommendation: recently started the production of jute bags in mixed nylon and probably more durable and economic than the traditional. The latter are naturally to be avoided because it does not meet the ecological requirements of the original all-natural fabric!

In the garden, lounge-Aldo did not throw anything away and so are also retrieved the old compounds formerly distributed by the City of Florence, some of which are used as containers for tools and seeds and some still used for between the original and the other as the final destination of the plies of jute now in a state of decomposition.

But the result is another best of all: Aldo, at the end of my visit gave me a bag of tomatoes and of course I immediately "consumed" in the evening for dinner with my wife. We are late October and now the season for tomatoes you go running out, yet the color, flavor, product quality, I assure you, it was definitely higher than what we are superbly comfortable with and unfortunately forced to buy in large shopping centers.

Anyone wishing more information can contact directly with Aldo at the following email address: aldo@vereecoballe.it

Michele Salvadori

Non Traditional Wedding Invite Wording

a suppository stuck in between the buildings of Barcelona

The Torre Agbar is 145 meters high and has 38 floors, four of which are underground, but it is not the tallest skyscraper in Barcelona, or better still it not even seem to be a skyscraper to judge from the shape.

The (French) architect who conceived the shape of the tower tried to explain that he was inspired by the image of a rising water geyser and that, with all the stuff Gaudí left all around the city, the Agbar Tower was absolutely serious in his opinion. Now, for sure the architect is not entirely wrong, but this time the Barcelonans have been at least backstabbed.

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are we sure the Rambla is a tourist attraction?

La Rambla of Barcelona is the long street that from Plaça de Catalunya , center of the city, leads to a few meters from the sea, where there is the Christopher Columbus Monument, el Mirador de Colón . According to someone Barcelona without the Rambla would be nothing because many people think the spirit of the city is concentrated there; according to others this street is considered as the best place where you can indulge in the English ritual of paseo , or passeig as they call it in Catalunya.

In reality the Rambla is nothing else but a cauldron in which every day mimes from the doubtful abilities and distasteful living statues, buskers, caricaturists, sellers that try to saddle you with everything, ad-libbed fortune tellers take service. In short, you will find on this street anyone who has had to invent a job somehow or other. The only merit of these people? Not choosing to become pickpockets. Perhaps they would find much more fierce competition.

I do not think these are the characteristics of a place that wants to be a symbol of a city and letter of introduction for tourists. Have you seen that one in the picture? I leave you decide if he makes crying or laughing. In any case, I would not get a photo with him.

Furthermore all the streets that constitute the district of El Raval flow onto the Rambla. We are talking about the old Barri Xino (namely the old Barcelonan 'Chinatown'), today a popular district essentially populated by plenty of Pakistanis, Moroccans, Filipinos and Romanians immigrants many of them living on the edge of society. A den of pickpockets at any time of day and night offering live performances of robbery both in the streets of the Raval and on the Rambla, gypsies who sell flowers under the pretext of trying to take off your wallets and cheats inviting you to play the game of three bells.

You will realize you were talking with a snatcher only when, on leaving, you will find your pockets lighter. So, watch out to unknown people who try to chat up with you, seeming nice and trying not let you go until they have finished their job. Probably they will ask you questions about where you bought your trousers or about how much you paid for your belt to start to get their hands on and take off something from your pockets, provided that they have not done it before in the confusion of the crowd.

The market of prostitution deserves a separate mention. Especially overnight, but also during the day, in the innermost streets of the neighbourhood it offers bad taste scenes in Barcelona. Would you have a good time walking at night in the surroundings of what should be one of the greatest market in Europe (we are talking about the market of Boqueria ) and find condoms thrown all over to be shifted with your feet, if not even shameless sexual performances offered by young girls kneeling or bending ahead to their clients between the columns of the market?

If this should be the symbol of a city, then so much better to live in the desert.

24v Battery Charger Schematic Diagram

IPad, how it changes our lives

For the past couple of months I'm using the 'iPad this new tool created by Apple.

remember the comments of his early detractors who question the actual need for a "tool" of this type in their opinion, virtually useless.

For the benefit of those who still do not know it, the iPad is a sort of cross between an iPhone (mobile phone with a large display capable of performing many functions including the main one is that of ensuring easy accessibility to internet) and a small laptop. Its exact dimensions are 18.9 cm x 24.3 cm, weight about 700 gr. Thanks

we iPad easily combine virtually all the functions of a standard personal computer and a smartphone, except telephone.

leveraging its large display and its great speed you can read a newspaper or a novel, we can download movies or music files, can be used as a small portable playstation and of course we can sail in internet, write, send emails, prepare working papers have programs equivalent (and much better!) to the common office suite. And all this thanks to the 3G option that allows you to connect to the internet anywhere, we can do at any time of day and wherever we are: train, car, boat, home, on an island in the sea, on top of a mountain!

In a few months after its release, it is estimated that the world they have already sold over 3.5 million pieces !

course, the iPad has limitations and defects (size and weight considered excessive by some, the price - starting from € 499.00 for the base model - still high, an audio system limited , the inability to use it as a phone, make an object still imperfect) that Apple's main competitors are rushing to solve proposing alternative models, perhaps even more complete if less aesthetically beautiful and still come "after" the invention of Steve Jobs.

I have no doubt that within a short time, the market will offer alternatives to this tool. The fact remains that this "invention" like that of the computer and the phone is set to change our way of life and mostly for the better.

am an omnivorous reader and assiduous over twenty years and my first action in the morning is to direct the newsstand to buy a newspaper. Summer, winter, city, the sea, in the period work or on vacation I run to buy the newspaper often even before having breakfast. I consider him one of the finest pleasures of a hot drink berm day flipping through the pages of a newspaper.

It is said that Italy should read a little, but for me this action is so mild that in those few days a year (August 16, December 26, January 2, Easter Monday) in which the newspapers do not come in That morning I feel a bit 'lost, I miss something ...

my iPad Since I've stopped going on sale.

course I still read the newspaper every day, but I downloaded via the internet on this extraordinary small tablet which also allows me to see all the various local editions of the newspaper no matter where I go.

The experience of reading with the iPad, and particularly that of a newspaper, is beautiful but hard to describe. Simply be tested.

I had already tried reading the newspaper from my home computer. But that iPad is really something else. The ability to turn the pages simply by tapping the screen to zoom in on selected item with the touch of a finger, the ability to watch films related the news we are reading, increase further, if possible, the pleasure of reading.

To all this must be added that above all other considerations should be in the direction of greater respect for the environment.

One of the faults of 'careful reading of newspapers, as well as those who know me will buy them regularly, is the fact that 24 hours after the paper is old, it should be thrown away, that represents a rejection of usually forms a small heavy pile that periodically we must then dispose of it somehow.

Have you ever tried to weigh a newspaper? The average weight of a newspaper is between 200 and 250 gr ., Regardless of the weight of the inserts and the various attachments, the real tinsel required to be purchased at newsstands, which often would we do without.

Averaged over between newspaper and Annex also buy a single newspaper , a reader produces some 300-350 grams per day of paper and paperboard.

At the end of one year is about 120 kg. paper we accumulate!

About two months ago, gone the accumulation of newspapers, I realized you have almost reduced by two thirds the domestic production of paper!

Given the problems of overproduction of waste that characterize our era, I think this could be no doubt a good thing.

To this is added then the economic aspect.

The price of a newspaper kiosk varies from € 1.00 to € 1.20 without the famous (infamous in some cases!) Attachments at specific days of the week are forcing us to pay € 1.50.

»After a week on average we spend about € 8-9 always limited to purchasing just one newspaper. In a year we spend on average around 400.00 to 450.00 euro per day .

Buying a copy of a newspaper iPad (but also from a common computer via the internet) is around € 0.70 to copy that decrease, depending on the type of subscription you choose, and there's also about € 0.50 per copy if we decide to pay an annual subscription . This means that in a year, spending € 180.00 instead of 450.00, I can get a saving of € 270.00 always stopping to purchase a single newspaper.

Added to this is then also the savings in electricity. The reading on the iPad not need external light, so you can read in a dark room using the screen light my tablet whose consumption is equal to that of a large mobile phone (you charge the same way and the battery lasts - tested by me - about 9 hours ).

deliberately omit the reduction in emissions of CO 2 resulting from the choice of this new technology, by failing to provide certain information about it and why to be honest, the amount of carbon dioxide equivalent as falling outside ' environment through the use of 'iPad, we should add, however, emissions in the same environment as a manufacturing route.

The other major opportunity offered by this tool is linked to the possibility of buy, download and read books directly that for this reason they are now called "electronic books " or, in English, " e-book."

in Italy can be downloaded at the time, even on a totally free, just a few of these texts and those who belong to the Project Gutenberg on which copyrights have expired, but also from the month of October we will go on sale early and contemporary texts in Italian.

The reading experience of a long text on the iPad, while not offering the same opportunities of everyday life, it is extremely practical and easy. We can choose and change at any time the font and font size of the text we are reading, even change the background color, stop reading and start again from the same point when we want, thanks to a kind of electronic bookmark.

The iPad, as well as other similar electronic reading devices - today call themselves with the English terms of "e-reader " or "tablet " - you can download and store hundreds of texts available at any time and wherever we are. These

"tablet" are going to change radically in the future (and not so much the future!) Publishing market.

the United States, the country has always been one step ahead of others in some areas, this is already happening.

As stated earlier for newspapers, of course, also applies to books, both in terms of paper production as well as economic.

Industry experts contend that, regardless of the immediate launch of promotional offers, of course advantageous to the buyers, once fully operational the price of an e-book will wander around about half the cost of the book in print.

Signs are, therefore, that we have found a tool that can help (he and his ilk) to improve our quality of life while reducing our impact on the environment.

There will - there is no doubt - and the consequences on our lifestyles and the market economy.

About two months ago did not I go to newsstands and greeting over my newspaper.

The habit of meeting every morning early with the excuse of buying newspapers and stop a few minutes with him to comment on the events of the day, the weather, the last "business" of the Mayor Renzi, the victories and slips of Fiorentina, stops, and a little 'I'm sorry.

Those who claim that information technology is actually moving away people probably right.

This new technology is particularly suited to the use of what is distributed and has a very limited shelf life, over time. So in my opinion will be particularly suitable not only for newspapers but also for weekly and monthly magazines "disposable".

Just as the advent of mobile phones has caused the progressive disappearance of telephone booths, as well as the advent of the DVD and the Internet has gradually led to the disappearance of video rentals (Blockbuster U.S. chain has already closed and even in Italy it is slowly disappearing) I fear that the advent of e-book will bring in a few years a new small revolution.

course in the shoes of my newsagent I would not be too happy with this news ...

This probably will result in around a decade (maybe earlier?) A drastic reduction also purchase books on paper and therefore in the guise a bookseller would not be very enthusiastic.

My iPad with his custody

In the United States one of the most important book chains, Barnes & Noble the , is closing its doors seems to due to the advent of e-book.

Unlike the publishing industry but that certainly will have to adapt, and fast, yet will, I believe, however, the possibility of opening new trade routes.

regards the acquisition of books on paper I think we will end up with a probability to select only the text of a certain artistic and cultural value, instead dedicating to digital form books a season, the novel of the summer, the yellow of the moment everyone is talking about but after some time no longer reads (see the Dan Brown a few years ago , Stieg Larsson's now, and similar).

A paper copy of the Divine Comedy , perhaps with illustrations by Gustave Dore , I will still be present in any of our homes even though probably very few will have the curiosity to go and to open up from time to time ...

in any case - again in a few years - the nostalgic maybe you fainted to buy an old paper copy of the first edition of "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone" considered good right now as waste paper ...

Eventually, we may save the life of a tree and fall of a few tonnes of our waste. As a result, after all, not bad!

Michele Salvadori